XAI
| xAI | |
|---|---|
| X.AI Corp. | |
| Type | Private |
| Industry | Artificial intelligence |
| Founded | March 9, 2023 |
| Founder | Elon Musk |
| Founders | Elon Musk Igor Babuschkin Christian Szegedy Yuhuai Wu Greg Yang Kyle Kosic Manuel Kroiss Toby Pohlen Jimmy Ba |
| Headquarters | Stanford Research Park, Palo Alto, California, United States |
| Key people | Elon Musk (CEO) Anthony Armstrong (CFO) Ross Nordeen (Co-founder) Dan Hendrycks (AI Safety Advisor) |
| Parent | X.AI Holdings Corp. |
| Owner | Elon Musk (59%) and investors |
| Products | Grok (AI assistant) Grok API Grok for Government Aurora (image generation) grok-code-fast-1 |
| Revenue | $100 million (annualized, December 2024) $1 billion (projected 2025)[1]
|
| Valuation | $200 billion (September 2025)[2] |
| Employees | 700-1,200+ (2025)[3] |
| Website | x.ai |
X.AI Corp., doing business as xAI, is an American company working in the area of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and technology. Founded by Elon Musk in March 2023, the company develops AI systems with the stated mission to "understand the true nature of the universe."[4] The company's flagship product is Grok, a generative AI chatbot integrated with the X platform (formerly Twitter).[5] In March 2025, xAI acquired X Corp. in an all-stock transaction that valued xAI at $80 billion and X at $33 billion.[6]
History
Founding and Early Development
xAI was incorporated as X.AI Corp. on March 9, 2023, in Nevada, initially as a public-benefit corporation with the stated purpose of "creating a material positive impact on society and the environment."[7] Elon Musk, who had previously co-founded OpenAI in 2015 but left in 2018 citing disagreements over its direction, recruited engineers and data scientists from leading AI companies including Google, Microsoft, DeepMind, and OpenAI.[8]
Musk officially announced the formation of xAI on July 12, 2023, via X, introducing a founding technical team and stating the company's goal to develop Artificial general intelligence (AGI) that is "maximally curious" and "maximally truth-seeking."[9][10]
By May 2024, xAI had dropped its public-benefit corporation status, as revealed by media reports in August 2025.[11] In November 2023, Musk stated that investors in X Corp. would own 25% of xAI.[12]
Funding History
xAI has raised significant capital through multiple funding rounds:
| Date | Round | Amount | Valuation | Key Investors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| November 29, 2023 | Series A | $134.7 million | $673.4 million | Undisclosed[13] |
| May 26, 2024 | Series B | $6 billion | $24 billion | Kingdom Holding Company, Andreessen Horowitz, Sequoia Capital, Valor Equity Partners, Vy Capital, Fidelity[14] |
| December 23, 2024 | Series C | $6 billion | $50 billion | BlackRock, Fidelity, Kingdom Holdings, Lightspeed, MGX, Morgan Stanley, QIA, NVIDIA, AMD[15] |
| July 1, 2025 | Debt & Equity | $10 billion | $150 billion | Morgan Stanley ($5B debt), SpaceX ($2B equity)[16] |
| September 2025 | Reported | $10 billion | $200 billion | In discussions[17] |
| October 2025 | Reported | $20 billion | - | NVIDIA ($2B), others (includes $12.5B debt)[18] |
Colossus Supercomputer
In June 2024, xAI announced plans to build Colossus, described as "the world's largest supercomputer," in Memphis, Tennessee.[19] The facility was constructed in a record 122 days at a former Electrolux site and became fully operational in December 2024.[20] Dell Technologies and Supermicro partnered with xAI to build the massive computing infrastructure.[21]
Chip Diversion Controversy
In August 2024, Musk diverted Nvidia chips originally ordered for Tesla, Inc. to xAI and X Corp., raising questions about conflicts of interest among Tesla shareholders.[22]
Acquisitions and Expansion
| Date | Company | Description | Transaction Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| February 2025 | OpenAI (attempted) | AI research company | $97.4 billion offer (unsuccessful)[23] |
| March 17, 2025 | Hotshot | AI-powered video generation startup | Undisclosed[24] |
| March 28, 2025 | X Corp. | Social media platform (formerly Twitter) | All-stock deal valuing X at $33 billion ($45 billion with debt)[25] |
Government Contracts
In July 2025, xAI launched "Grok for Government" and secured a $200 million contract from the United States Department of Defense for AI applications in the military, alongside Anthropic, Google, and OpenAI.[26] The company's products became available through the General Services Administration (GSA) schedule, with a OneGov agreement providing access to federal agencies for $0.42 per organization for 18 months.[27]
Workforce Changes
In September 2025, xAI laid off 500 data annotation workers, approximately one-third of that team, as the company shifted focus to specialist roles.[28] As of early 2025, xAI had over 1,200 employees, including 900 hourly-paid AI tutors for model training, though estimates vary with some sources reporting 700 to 4,000 employees.[29]
Products and Services
Grok
Grok is xAI's flagship AI chatbot, launched in November 2023. Named after the term from Robert A. Heinlein's novel Stranger in a Strange Land, Grok is designed to answer questions with wit and a rebellious personality, inspired by The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.[30] A key feature is its real-time access to information from the X platform.
Grok Model Releases
| Version | Release Date | Key Features | Context Length | Parameters |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grok-0 | August 2023 | Foundational model | - | 33 billion[31] |
| Grok-1 | November 2023 | First public release, X integration | - | -[32] |
| Grok-1 (open source) | March 17, 2024 | MoE model, Apache-2.0 license | - | 314 billion[33] |
| Grok-1.5 | March 29, 2024 | Improved reasoning capabilities | 128,000 tokens | -[34] |
| Grok-1.5V | April 12, 2024 | Multimodal vision capabilities | - | -[35] |
| Grok-2 | August 14, 2024 | Image generation, vision understanding | - | -[36] |
| Grok-3 | February 17, 2025 | 10x compute of Grok-2, reflection feature, DeepSearch | 1 million tokens | -[37] |
| Grok 3 (Think) & Grok 3 mini (Think) | February 19, 2025 | Beta reasoning models with large-scale RL | - | -[38] |
| Grok-4 & Grok Heavy | July 9, 2025 | Native tool use, real-time search | 2 million tokens | -[39] |
| Grok-4 Fast | September 19, 2025 | Cost-efficient intelligence | - | -[40] |
| grok-code-fast-1 | August 28, 2025 | Speedy reasoning for agentic coding | - | -[41] |
In December 2024, xAI made Grok available to all X users with rate limits, expanding beyond the initial Premium tier restrictions.[42]
Aurora
Aurora is xAI's text-to-image model, released on December 9, 2024. It is an autoregressive mixture-of-experts network trained on billions of examples from the internet, excelling at photorealistic rendering and following text instructions.[43] Aurora replaced an earlier partnership with Black Forest Labs' Flux model.[44]
Platform and API
xAI launched its API on October 21, 2024, providing developers access to Grok models.[45] The company also offers SuperGrok subscriptions for higher usage limits and access to advanced models, with Grok Heavy available at $300/month.[46]
Infrastructure
Colossus Supercomputer
Colossus is xAI's AI training supercomputer, described as "the world's biggest supercomputer" for AI training.[47]
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Location | 3231 Riverport Rd, Memphis, Tennessee[48] |
| Initial GPUs (September 2024) | 100,000 NVIDIA H100 GPUs[49] |
| Current GPUs (2025) | 200,000 GPUs total[50] |
| Expanded Configuration (June 2025) | 150,000 H100 + 50,000 H200 + 30,000 GB200 GPUs[51] |
| Planned Expansion | 1 million GPUs total[52] |
| Power Consumption | 150 megawatts at peak[53] |
| Construction Time | 122 days[54] |
| Power Storage | Tesla Megapacks[55] |
Colossus 2
In March 2025, xAI began construction of Colossus 2, acquiring a 1 million square foot warehouse in Memphis and developing a gigawatt-scale energy hub in Southaven, Mississippi.[56]
Corporate Structure
Leadership
- Elon Musk - Founder and Chief Executive Officer
- Anthony Armstrong - Chief Financial Officer (appointed October 2025, also oversees X finance operations)[57]
- Ross Nordeen - Co-founder[58]
- Dan Hendrycks - AI Safety Advisor, Director of Center for AI Safety (receives $1 salary, holds no equity)[59]
Founding Team
The original founding team included prominent researchers from major AI institutions:[60]
| Name | Previous Affiliation(s) | Current Status |
|---|---|---|
| Igor Babuschkin (Chief Engineer) | Google DeepMind, OpenAI | Departed August 2025[61] |
| Christian Szegedy | Google Research | Departed February 2025[62] |
| Yuhuai (Tony) Wu | Google, DeepMind, OpenAI | Active |
| Greg Yang | Microsoft Research | Active |
| Jimmy Ba | University of Toronto, co-creator of Adam optimizer | Active |
| Manuel Kroiss | Google DeepMind | Active |
| Toby Pohlen | Google DeepMind | Active |
| Kyle Kosic | OpenAI | Active |
| Guodong Zhang | Google DeepMind, University of Toronto | Active |
| Zihang Dai | Active |
Locations
xAI maintains offices in multiple locations:[63]
- Headquarters: 1450 Page Mill Road, Stanford Research Park, Palo Alto, California[64]
- San Francisco: 3180 18th Street (Pioneer Building, former OpenAI headquarters)[65]
- Other offices: Seattle, Memphis, London (UK)
Partnerships
Technology Partners
- Oracle Corporation - Partnership announced June 2025 to make Grok models available on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure for training and inference[66]
- NVIDIA and AMD - Strategic investors and GPU suppliers[67]
- Supermicro and Dell Technologies - Colossus supercomputer construction partners[68]
- Tesla - Tesla Megapacks for power storage, Grok integration in Tesla vehicles (Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y, Cybertruck) as of July 2025[69]
- Black Forest Labs - Initial partnership for Flux image model (later replaced by Aurora)[70]
Government Contracts
- Department of Defense: $200 million contract awarded July 2025[71]
- GSA Schedule: Products available for purchase by all federal agencies[72]
- OneGov Agreement: $0.42 per agency for 18 months (until March 2027)[73]
Relationship with X
xAI's Grok assistant is deeply integrated into X's product surfaces and was progressively rolled out from premium tiers to broader availability for all users with limits in December 2024.[74] The acquisition of X Corp. in March 2025 formalized the relationship between the two companies under the X.AI Holdings Corp. structure.[75]
Financial Information
Valuation History
| Date | Valuation | Context |
|---|---|---|
| November 2023 | $673.4 million | Series A funding |
| May 2024 | $24 billion | Series B funding[76] |
| December 2024 | $50 billion | Series C funding[77] |
| March 2025 | $80 billion | X acquisition transaction[78] |
| July 2025 | $150 billion | Debt and equity raise[79] |
| September 2025 | $200 billion | Fundraising discussions (reported)[80] |
Key Investors
Major investors include:[81]
- Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)
- BlackRock
- Fidelity Investments
- Sequoia Capital
- Kingdom Holding Company (Prince Alwaleed bin Talal)
- Qatar Investment Authority (QIA)
- Valor Equity Partners
- Vy Capital
- Lightspeed Venture Partners
- Morgan Stanley
- SpaceX ($2 billion investment)
- NVIDIA and AMD (strategic investors)
Controversies
Environmental Impact
The Colossus supercomputer has faced significant criticism for its environmental impact. In 2024, xAI deployed 14 portable methane-gas generators without permits, emitting pollutants equivalent to a nearby power plant.[82] Thermal imaging in May 2025 showed 33 generators operating. The Shelby County Health Department granted xAI an air permit for the project in July 2025 after public outcry.[83]
Content Moderation Issues
Grok has generated controversy for producing inappropriate content, including:
- Antisemitic posts and praise of Adolf Hitler in July 2025[84]
- The chatbot referring to itself as "MechaHitler"[85]
- Generating controversial images of public figures and copyrighted characters[86]
Corporate Governance
The diversion of Nvidia chips from Tesla to xAI in August 2024 raised concerns about conflicts of interest and corporate governance among Tesla shareholders.[87]
Competition
xAI competes primarily with other major AI companies developing large language models:[88]
- OpenAI (ChatGPT, GPT-4)
- Anthropic (Claude)
- Google (Gemini, formerly Bard)
- Meta (LLaMA)
- Microsoft (Copilot)
- DeepSeek
See also
- Artificial intelligence
- Large language model
- Generative artificial intelligence
- Mixture of experts
- OpenAI
- Elon Musk
- X Corp.
- Colossus (supercomputer)
- Center for AI Safety
References
- ↑ Morgan Stanley projections indicated xAI could generate $1 billion in gross revenue by the end of 2025. URL: https://finance.yahoo.com/news/musk-xai-plans-funding-round-091549956.html
- ↑ xAI was reportedly valued at $200 billion during fundraising discussions in September 2025. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/19/musks-xai-10-billion-at-200-billion-valuation.html
- ↑ PitchBook reported xAI had 700 total employees as of 2025, though other sources report over 1,200 including AI tutors. URL: https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/533035-45
- ↑ xAI's stated mission is to "understand the true nature of the universe." URL: https://x.ai/
- ↑ On November 4, 2023, xAI unveiled Grok, an AI chatbot that is integrated with X. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(chatbot)
- ↑ On March 28, 2025, Musk announced that xAI acquired sister company X Corp. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Corp.
- ↑ X.AI Corp was incorporated in Nevada on March 9, 2023, with Musk listed as director and Jared Birchall as secretary. URL: https://opencorporates.com/companies/us_nv/E28915122023-8
- ↑ Team members behind xAI are alumni of DeepMind, OpenAI, Google Research, Microsoft Research. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/12/elon-musk-launches-his-new-company-xai.html
- ↑ Musk officially announced the formation of xAI on July 12, 2023. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/07/12/elon-musk-launches-his-new-company-xai.html
- ↑ Elon Musk (@elonmusk) on X - "Announcing formation of @xAI" (July 12, 2023). URL: https://x.com/elonmusk/status/1679164661869182976
- ↑ By May 2024, it had dropped the public-benefit status. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ In November 2023, Musk stated that investors in X Corp. would own 25% of xAI. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ In December 2023, xAI revealed that it had raised US$134.7 million in outside funding. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ xAI raised $6 billion in a Series B round that valued the company at $24 billion. URL: https://x.ai/news/series-b
- ↑ xAI closed Series C funding round of $6 billion with strategic investors NVIDIA and AMD. URL: https://x.ai/news/series-c
- ↑ Morgan Stanley announced that they had raised $5 billion in debt for xAI and that xAI had separately raised $5 billion in equity. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/07/01/elon-musk-xai-raises-10-billion-in-debt-and-equity.html
- ↑ xAI is raising $10 billion from investors in a round that values the artificial intelligence startup at $200 billion. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/19/musks-xai-10-billion-at-200-billion-valuation.html
- ↑ xAI nears $20 billion capital raise tied to Nvidia chips. URL: https://www.reuters.com/business/musks-xai-nears-20-billion-capital-raise-tied-nvidia-chips-bloomberg-news-2025-10-07/
- ↑ In June 2024, the Greater Memphis Chamber announced xAI was planning on building Colossus. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ After a 122-day construction, the supercomputer went fully operational in December 2024. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ Supermicro and Dell building 100,000 GPU supercomputer for xAI in Memphis, Tennessee. URL: https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/supermicro-and-dell-building-100000-gpu-supercomputer-for-xai-in-memphis-tennessee/
- ↑ In August 2024, Musk diverted Nvidia chips originally ordered for Tesla, Inc. to xAI and X Corp. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ In February 2025, xAI and other investors offered to acquire OpenAI for $97.4 billion. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ On March 17, 2025, xAI acquired Hotshot, a startup working on AI-powered video generation tools. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ The deal valued X at $33 billion, with a full valuation of $45 billion when factoring in $12 billion in debt. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Corp.
- ↑ xAI announced Grok for Government and the United States Department of Defense announced that xAI had received a $200 million contract. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ GSA announced a major OneGov agreement with xAI, making Grok AI models accessible to federal agencies for only $0.42 per organization. URL: https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/newsroom/news-releases/gsa-xai-partner-to-accelerate-federal-ai-adoption-09252025
- ↑ Elon Musk's xAI lays off hundreds of workers tasked with training Grok. URL: https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-xai-layoffs-data-annotators-2025-9
- ↑ Employee estimates range from 700 (PitchBook) to over 1,200 including AI tutors. URL: https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/533035-45
- ↑ Grok is modeled after The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. URL: https://x.ai/blog/grok
- ↑ Grok-0, xAI's foundational model, is completed. URL: https://www.fintechweekly.com/magazine/articles/xai-acquires-x-twitter-merger-elon-musk-ai
- ↑ Grok 1 was launched in November 2023. URL: https://www.ultralytics.com/blog/exploring-the-latest-features-of-grok-3-xais-chatbot
- ↑ On March 17, 2024, xAI released Grok-1 as open source. URL: https://x.ai/blog/grok-os
- ↑ Grok-1.5 was announced with improved reasoning capabilities and a context length of 128,000 tokens. URL: https://x.ai/blog/grok-1.5
- ↑ Grok-1.5 Vision Preview released with multimodal capabilities. URL: https://x.ai/blog/grok-1.5v
- ↑ On August 14, 2024, Grok-2 was made available to X Premium subscribers. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ On February 17, 2025, xAI released its flagship AI model, Grok 3. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(chatbot)
- ↑ xAI announces Grok 3 (Think) and Grok 3 mini (Think) beta reasoning models. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-3
- ↑ On July 9, 2025, xAI released Grok 4 and 4 Heavy. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-4
- ↑ Grok 4 Fast focused on cost-efficient intelligence. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-4-fast
- ↑ xAI introduced grok-code-fast-1, a speedy and economical reasoning model. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-code-fast-1
- ↑ X's Grok AI chatbot is now available to all users. URL: https://www.theverge.com/2024/12/6/24314860/x-grok-ai-chatbot-available-all-users
- ↑ Aurora is an autoregressive mixture-of-experts network trained to predict the next token from interleaved text and image data. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-image-generation-release
- ↑ In collaboration with Black Forest Labs, we are experimenting with their FLUX.1 model. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-2
- ↑ xAI API launched for developers on October 21, 2024. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ xAI offers subscriptions like SuperGrok, with Grok Heavy at $300/month. URL: https://x.ai/
- ↑ xAI states that it operates Colossus, described as "the world's biggest supercomputer" for AI training. URL: https://x.ai/colossus
- ↑ The Xai Colossus MegaCluster in Memphis TN at 3231 Riverport Rd. URL: https://infinityturbine.com/xai-colossus-cluster-memphis-tn-nvida-h100-by-infinity-turbine.html
- ↑ It was originally powered by 100,000 Nvidia graphics processing units (GPUs). URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ xAI says it doubled Colossus to 200,000 GPUs in 2025. URL: https://x.ai/colossus
- ↑ As of June 2025, the supercomputer consists of 150,000 H100 GPUs, 50,000 H200 GPUs and 30,000 GB200 GPUs. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ xAI also plans to increase Colossus to 1 million graphics processing units. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ Local government in Memphis has voiced concerns regarding the increased usage of electricity, 150 megawatts of power at peak. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ Colossus was built in 122 days. URL: https://x.ai/colossus
- ↑ Tesla Megapacks used for power storage at Colossus. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ The Colossus 2 project was kicked off on March 7th, 2025, when xAI acquired a 1m sqft warehouse in Memphis. URL: https://semianalysis.com/2025/09/16/xais-colossus-2-first-gigawatt-datacenter/
- ↑ Musk names veteran banker Anthony Armstrong as xAI finance chief. URL: https://www.reuters.com/technology/elon-musk-names-former-morgan-stanley-banker-new-xai-cfo-ft-says-2025-10-07/
- ↑ Ross Nordeen is listed as xAI co-founder. URL: https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/newsroom/news-releases/gsa-xai-partner-to-accelerate-federal-ai-adoption-09252025
- ↑ Hendrycks is the safety adviser of xAI, receiving a symbolic one-dollar salary and holds no company equity. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Hendrycks
- ↑ xAI founding team includes researchers from DeepMind, OpenAI, Google Research, Microsoft Research. URL: https://x.ai/about
- ↑ Igor Babuschkin, a co-founder of Elon Musk's xAI startup, announced his departure from the company on Wednesday. URL: https://techcrunch.com/2025/08/13/co-founder-of-elon-musks-xai-departs-the-company/
- ↑ Szegedy, who had previously worked at Google, left the company in February 2025. URL: https://www.britannica.com/money/xAI
- ↑ xAI has offices in Palo Alto headquarters, Seattle, San Francisco, Tennessee, and London UK. URL: https://x.ai/careers
- ↑ The main X.AI Corp. headquarters is located at 1450 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, California. URL: https://exa.ai/websets/directory/xai-offices
- ↑ xAI Corp., has moved some of its employees into an office at 3180 18th St. URL: https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/elon-musk-open-xai-office-openai-s-former-19811659.php
- ↑ Oracle - "xAI's Grok models are now on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure" (June 17, 2025). URL: https://www.oracle.com/news/announcement/xais-grok-models-are-now-on-oracle-cloud-infrastructure-2025-06-17/
- ↑ Strategic investors NVIDIA and AMD also participated in Series C. URL: https://x.ai/news/series-c
- ↑ Both Dell Technologies and Supermicro partnered with xAI to build the supercomputer. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_(supercomputer)
- ↑ On July 12, 2025, Grok was added to Tesla's Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y, and Cybertruck vehicles. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(chatbot)
- ↑ In collaboration with Black Forest Labs, we are experimenting with their FLUX.1 model. URL: https://x.ai/news/grok-2
- ↑ The Defense Department's Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office awarded four tech companies individual contracts valued at up to $200 million. URL: https://www.nextgov.com/acquisition/2025/07/pentagon-awards-multiple-companies-200m-contracts-ai-tools/406698/
- ↑ xAI products are now available through the General Services Administration (GSA) schedule. URL: https://www.maginative.com/article/xai-launches-grok-for-government-announces-dod-contract/
- ↑ GSA announced a major OneGov agreement with xAI. URL: https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/newsroom/news-releases/gsa-xai-partner-to-accelerate-federal-ai-adoption-09252025
- ↑ Grok integrated with X platform and made available to all users. URL: https://www.theverge.com/2024/12/6/24314860/x-grok-ai-chatbot-available-all-users
- ↑ xAI and X merged into X.AI Holdings Corp. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Corp.
- ↑ xAI raised $6 billion in a May 2024 Series B round that valued the company at $24 billion. URL: https://news.crunchbase.com/ai/generative-ai-elon-musk-xai-debt-equity/
- ↑ xAI raised $6 billion at a valuation of $50 billion. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/07/01/elon-musk-xai-raises-10-billion-in-debt-and-equity.html
- ↑ xAI itself was valued at $80 billion in the X acquisition. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Corp.
- ↑ Musk raised $10 billion in debt and equity at what was believed to be a roughly $150 billion valuation. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/19/musks-xai-10-billion-at-200-billion-valuation.html
- ↑ xAI is raising $10 billion from investors in a round that values the artificial intelligence startup at $200 billion. URL: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/09/19/musks-xai-10-billion-at-200-billion-valuation.html
- ↑ xAI has raised a total of over $12 billion with participation from various investors. URL: https://www.clay.com/dossier/xai-funding
- ↑ Environmental advocates said that the gas-burning turbines emit large quantities of gases causing air pollution. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ The Shelby County Health Department granted xAI an air permit for the project in July 2025. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ xAI was found to cite Musk's personal opinions when trying to answer controversial questions. URL: https://techcrunch.com/2025/08/13/co-founder-of-elon-musks-xai-departs-the-company/
- ↑ Users soon found that the chatbot had begun to call itself "MechaHitler". URL: https://www.britannica.com/money/xAI
- ↑ Users on X claimed to be able to bypass limitations. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grok_(chatbot)
- ↑ Musk diverted chips from Tesla to xAI raising governance concerns. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XAI_(company)
- ↑ xAI competes with companies like OpenAI, Google and Anthropic. URL: https://www.builtin.com/artificial-intelligence/what-is-xai